Archive for the ‘customer service’ Category

Why companies need to be more proactive with subscription customers

Wednesday, August 19th, 2009

Yesterday I wrote that companies need to be more proactive with customers–helping them understand what they’ve bought and, particularly in the case of subscription products, helping them reconfirm on a regular basis that their package is appropriate.

This almost never happens. And it’s a time bomb for providers. People’s needs change over time, and the longer they are a customer (a delightful situation for providers), the more likely their needs have evolved while their subscription has stayed the same. Then, if an event occurs where needs and offer collide–say an insurance claim scenario–it’s very likely the customer will be surprised, at a very sensitive and emotional moment.

But isn’t it the customer’s responsibility to make sure what he’s paying for fits the bill? As long as I disclose everything, haven’t I done my job as a supplier? That is a valid way of looking at the issue.

Yet the world has changed. People are busier. Two-worker households are the norm. Customers are buying more exotic products and lack the expertise to check them for fit–especially if it’s something rarely put to use. And customers will blame their supplier if things work out poorly. They will consider canceling their service, and will tell their friends.

Seems like a pretty cut-and-dried situation to me. Take care of your customers by helping them buy subscriptions that fit their needs, or take your chances.

Proactive dialogue and diagnosis – the future of customer care

Tuesday, August 18th, 2009

I have several commercial insurance policies that I renew regularly and pretty much automatically. I do think, from time to time, that I should review those policies with my agent to see if I am properly insured. But I don’t—because I don’t have time, and auditing my insurance coverage is something that takes a back seat to, for example, marketing, client work and collections (never mind family time!).

Customer service used to mean responding promptly to customers’ requests and resolving the issues they brought up quickly and effectively. No more. In today’s time-constrained, overcommitted world, customer service means reaching out to customers, diagnosing their unstated anxieties and proactively putting measures in place to deal with the problems they worry about.

Let me continue with my own example. Say I had an incident that caused me to file a claim, and I learned through that process that I was underinsured in that area, and my insurance, contrary to my expectation, would not cover all the loss. What would that mean for me, my agent and my insurance provider?

For me, it would be costly and perhaps painful. I would likely get pretty angry—with myself, for one, but also with my agent. She has been sending me renewal notices for years and dutifully cashing my checks, but has not sought me out to review my needs and update the policies so I am adequately covered.

And my response, very likely, would be to change agents and insurance carriers.

This is reality in the insurance industry and many industries today. We have become distanced from our customers. We don’t understand them the way we used to. At the same time, customers have more demands on their time, so they need our guidance more than ever.

As a result, our customer relationships are fragile and prone to break with any misstep. What to do?

The first step is to realize that silence is not the basis of a productive, long-term customer relationship. A signed renewal and a check do not signify a satisfied, well-cared-for customer.

Next, seek out opportunities to ask customers what they think—about your service, about the industry, about their futures. This can be done through interviews, when customers call, or scheduled as part of the renewal process. Company blogs and Twitter are another source to gather customer stories. Don’t only ask for good things; seek out the negative thoughts customers have as well. (If you know something is wrong, you have the possibility of fixing it.)

Collect the stories, put a team together and immerse yourselves in them. You’ll see patterns. I guarantee you’ll be surprised by some of the things you find out. A group of customers may be unhappy with one aspect of your service. New business areas may be emerging that require different insurance products. Competitive awareness may be on the rise.

Finally, take action. Use the insight you learned from the stories to make meaningful changes in your business. (Focus on experimentation rather than “grand planning and initiatives.”) Your marketing department will be delighted to talk about these changes, which respond to things customers actually want and need!

Imagine that the following happened: My insurance agent called me and said, “Before we renew, let’s review your policy and make sure you have the right coverage.” We looked through all my policies, and made some adjustments. When the incident happened, I was completely covered, thanks to the review.

Not only did I not cancel my policy, I actually recommended my agent to several friends.

How much is that worth?

When reps are discourteous, is it them… or their environment?

Thursday, August 13th, 2009

I had the silliest dust-up with a teller at my bank yesterday. I brought in some rolls of coins I had measured using a small electronic coin counter, as I do every few months. I placed them on the counter in front of the teller and said, “Could I change these for bills, please?”

From her steely glare and folded arms, I knew something was wrong. “Did you count them by hand or with a machine?”

“Machine.”

“We don’t take machine-counted coins anymore. They’re always coming up short.”

“Is this new? I always take my coins here and never had a problem.”

“We don’t take them.” She kept glaring at me.

“Is this a policy?” I said. “When was this put in place?” Silence. Arms folded.

Eventually a manager came over, discussed the situation, and helped me count the coins by hand. I was 22 cents short over $28 worth of coins. (A surprise to me–I had assumed the machines were accurate.)

The manager told me that when I drop coins off in the future, I should put my number on the rolls, so they could call me if they came up short.

I am fine with that. I am not trying to swindle the bank out of 22 cents. And now that I know my machine counts a little short on nickels and pennies, I can fix that, too. But I was upset with the teller’s behavior. She refused to make eye contact with me as I left and I’m sure had a lot to say about me after I was gone.

As I thought about it, and the teller’s heightened emotional state, I knew there must have been more to the story. There may be people systematically shortchanging the bank. Tellers have to balance their drawers at the end of the day (my mom was a teller). They may have to make up the difference if their drawer is short. All of which could lead one to be a bit hostile when the next person comes in with a pile of machine-wrapped rolls of small change.

A teller shouldn’t be put into a position to unilaterally implement a customer policy, like whether to accept or reject machine-rolled coins. If there’s a problem, it should first be communicated to customers and then, if needed, a policy created and communicated (like writing the phone number on the rolls). Any side effects on reps must be removed (like them being financially responsible for shortchanging).

The bank failed on several accounts here, but first and foremost was putting a teller in a position to be hostile to a customer.

Customer complaints as a source of business insight

Monday, September 22nd, 2008

We’re taking a brief detour from the corporate change series to discuss customer complaints (every businessperson’s favorite subject) though in truth it is very much in sync with the “letting the outside in” philosophy we’ve been discussing in those other posts. The Wall Street Journal’s occasional Business Insight section prompted the thoughts with today’s article, “Making the Most Of Customer Complaints,” by Stefan Michel and David Bowen of the Thunderbird School of Global Management and Robert Johnston of Warwick Business School.

“Making the Most…” focuses on the relationship between the customer, the front-line rep, and service management, and correctly describes how to manage a complaint to minimize damage to customer satisfaction without “giving away the store,” and to incent behaviors that will result in customers leaving the interactions feeling good (or at least not badly) about their vendor. It’s particularly insightful when describing the conflicts the front-line reps feel when trying to deal with a difficult customer situation:

These workers have the difficult task of dealing with customers who hold them responsible even when the failures in question are completely out of their control. The attitudes of customer-service workers, positive and negative, spill over onto customers.

Yet companies do surprisingly little to support them.

To be successful, these workers need to feel that management is providing the means to deliver successful service recovery on a continuing basis. Alternatively, when employees believe management doesn’t support them, they tend to feel they are being unfairly treated and so treat customers unfairly. They display passive, maladaptive behaviors and can even sabotage service.

This alienation is compounded when the workers believe that management is not improving the service-delivery process, which keeps employees in recurring failure situations. Even though complaining customers represent an opportunity to fix problems and improve satisfaction, alienated employees often see them as the enemy.

In addition to the sound advice to repair the processes, provide appropriate guidance to employees and management, and incent customer-delighting behaviors, there’s a broader value that I see to studying these interactions.

Customer complaints are a window into the customer’s use of the product and perception of the company. Virtually all satisfied customers are silent. Many dissatisfied customers are silent as well–calling customer service is time-consuming and frustrating. The fact that many problems aren’t resolved compounds people’s feeling that engaging with the company is simply not worth the trouble.

This means that any customer complaint reported to the company is a very important piece of data. Taken together, complaints can illuminate patterns pointing to product over-complexity, poor usability, underservicing, poor expectation-setting. The patterns might tell you that the customer-service approach you are so proud of is not working as well as it should. Or that customers are using a product differently from how you expected them to. The patterns serve as marching orders to product management, marketing and customer service for important value-adding projects.

But… you have to collect and sort through the data. It can’t be resigned to the bit bucket because it’s unpleasant or tells you things you’d prefer not to hear. I have started to work with clients to learn from customer-service interactions–the raw material, not just the statistics. And, not surprisingly, we are always surprised by what we learn.

Related posts:
Time to start listening to front-line employees

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A competitive advantage: employees who "spend most of their day talking to people"

Thursday, August 28th, 2008

I recall a number of years ago dialing 411 (Information) and asking the operator for a phone number for a store a few miles away in Boston. In a thick Dorchester accent, she corrected the name of the store for me. “I think you mean this one,” she said, and she was right.

Old school customer service has been in decline for some time now–pushed out by the costcutting allure of self-service, offshoring, IVRs, etc.

Impersonal customer service works in some cases. Shopping for a known commodity like a book, or CD, for example, or putting a vacation stop on your newspaper delivery. But companies have thrown the baby out with the bathwater, because if it’s really important to understand what a customer needs, a trained, empathetic person is the best resource a company can have. These folks, as John Kotter writes in “A Sense of Urgency,” help “bring the outside in”–in other words, they provide insight from a vital outside constituency–customers–into the organization.

I’ve talked before in this blog about how data about customer interactions will be captured and mined for insights about customer perceptions of products, service and the company that provides them. Today, surveys and focus groups attempt to paint this picture. Tomorrow, the real, raw data will be used. Stories from customers, and the stories from the people who serve them directly.

This will provide a new value proposition for customer service. As opposed to a replaceable part hired at the lowest hourly rate possible, front-line staff will be well-paid and well-trained. Their insights will be carefully collected and utilized, and products (and the customers that buy them) will be better off for them.

Shifting customer service to a different location to save $1.00 a call will be unthinkable.

It’s possible that Best Buy’s Geek Squad is an early prototype of this mindset. In an article in today’s New York Times, Matt Richtel depicts a power struggle between computer manufacturers who install application craplets on their PCs, and retailers, who are responding to customers’ desire to buy a PC free of craplets. This section was notable:

Mr. Stephens of Geek Squad says he agrees with H. P. that the future is in allowing computer buyers to choose and download what they want. But he said he believed Best Buy, not H. P., was in the best position to help people choose what works for them because, he argued, the in-store technicians are in closest contact with them.

“Geek Squad agents have one thing over Apple and Microsoft engineers. We spend most of the day talking to people,” he said.

Related posts:
Businesses need “A Sense of Urgency”
Time to start listening to front-line employees

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Free, unsolicited product management advice for Verizon Wireless

Thursday, April 3rd, 2008

As I mentioned yesterday, I am using EV-DO to connect to the internet here in Vegas for CTIA. It’s more economical and reliable than the hotels’ and convention center’s WiFi hotspots. What I didn’t say is that the way I contract for this service is convoluted and actually, on my analysis, loses money for Verizon. Details to follow.

It’s got me feeling a bit guilty, so I would like to offer them some free advice. If they implement my ideas and wish to share perhaps 10% of their incremental profits on the change, I’d be happy to accept. [VZW, you can email me at inquiry (at) caddellinsightgroup (dot) com for my PayPal info.]

Here’s the situation with EV-DO. I have a Blackberry, using a 10MB per month plan costing $24.95 per month on top of my voice subscription. This is fine for emailing and web browsing through the Blackberry, but not enough to support what I’m doing this week–blogging, video uploading, etc.

For that application, VZW requires I buy unlimited data access for $49.95 per month, and on top of that buy tethered modem service (that allows me to use the Bberry as a modem for my computer) for an additional $15 per month.

As a result, it would cost me $39.95 extra per month to subscribe to this EV-DO service. Except for the fact that I need it for perhaps 15 days per year. The rest of the time, cheap or free WiFi hotspots do the job. So I can’t justify an ongoing subscription for this service.

But here’s the thing: VZW allows me to sign up for the service, then, when I don’t need it anymore, I call them back to cancel. The billing is ugly and almost incomprehensible, but at the end of the day I only get billed for the days I use EV-DO, at the rate of about $1.33 per day. A bargain for me.

But not for VZW. Here’s a litany of costs they incur, each time I set up the service:

Calls to tech support: 2 @ $10 (one call to activate, one call to deactivate)
Letters informing me of a change in service: 2 @ $2.50
Incremental billing costs for changes, prorates, etc.: unknown

Total: at least $25

For this trip, I will use the service for four days. Meaning VZW will get incremental revenue of $5.33, but spend $25, for a marginal contribution margin of ($19.67). Ugh.

Here’s my idea. VZW should offer a daily plan. [Virtually every other wireless ISP offers such a plan.] I would pay $5 per day for that plan. Have the signup be online rather than through tech support, meaning the incremental cost should be near zero. Have me sign up for exactly the number of days I need, and have deactivation be done automatically by the ordering system.

Related post: “Worst Practices in Product Management

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An excellent web customer service practice

Tuesday, April 1st, 2008

I got this email from the Wall Street Journal today:

Dear Subscriber,

We see that delivery of your Wall Street Journal was scheduled
to resume today after a temporary suspension, and are
following up to check that it did.

If you received your paper today — great! No need to respond.

If you did not receive your Journal, please report your missed
delivery by clicking here:

https://services.wsj.com/Gryphon/resolveDeliveryProblem.dj

We will investigate to make sure you don’t miss another day of
The Wall Street Journal.

Thank you for using Services.wsj.com to manage your Wall
Street Journal account.

I was so happy they followed up with me. There was no delivery problem, but if there had been, Dow Jones had made it so much easier to manage.


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Extracting value from a failed cold call

Friday, February 1st, 2008

A few days ago l got a cold call from Pitney Bowes, the postage meter company. And they wanted to sell me a new postage meter that they had scaled down for small & medium size businesses. It was an interesting machine but looking at the price of it and the value it had to me I wasn’t really interested.

In the course of the conversation, though, I gave them quite a bit of information about what I really wanted. Here’s the price point I could accept, here was the no. of letters that I mail per month and packages and so forth.

Eventually the conversation ended but it occurred to me that there would be a lot of information in those types of calls that could be used for marketing research. The feedback from various prospects could be assembled and made sense of, narrative-wise, and convey a lot of information to the marketing group. (This is in the spirit of getting value out of, for example, “unsuccessful” product development efforts and “failed” scientific experiments.)

All marketing calls are recorded of course, but my sense is that sales call recordings go into the archives, especially failures, and are not dealt with again.

Which seems like a lost opportunity for the product manager to learn more about an untapped customer segment.

spoken through SpinVox

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Is there a health-care crisis in the US? The averages may say no… but the stories say yes

Friday, November 30th, 2007

I’ve been drawn to write about the health-care situation in the US for some time. There have been very powerful proposals, such as this one by Michael Porter and Elizabeth Teisberg a few years ago, that I thought deserved advocating (link – $$).

In addition, for the past year I have bought my own health insurance (instead of having it provided by an employer) and with my wife managed the resulting insurer/caregiver/patient relationships. And, let me tell you, doing it yourself opens up a whole new window onto the health-care world. Buying your own insurance and managing your own care allows you to see deep into the sausage factory that is today’s US health-care ecosystem.

Nonetheless, I held back. Perhaps our situation and experience were unique. Perhaps struggles and issues we had were due to our own mistakes. (We made some, perhaps many.) I also resisted the overheated rhetoric and drastic solutions proposed by some politicians. In addition, economists like Greg Mankiw provided analysis showing public concern about the issue is overblown.

The I read the front-page story in yesterday’s Wall Street Journal by John Carreyrou (link – $$). It was horrifying to read about the gentleman who, despite better-than-average health-care coverage, ended up owing more than $1 million to hospitals, doctors, etc. And while the dollar figure was astonishing, more intriguing to me were the problems and issues he and his wife ran into while trying to understand and manage the bills. These problems and issues were very similar (though larger, of course) than issues my wife and I have run into in trying to manage health-care for our healthy family.

Typical issues include:

  1. Difficulty in getting billing and reimbursement details from caregivers and insurers
  2. Coding of invoices to maximize caregiver insurance reimbursement–not always accurately reflecting what was done
  3. Frequent rejection of charges by insurers, causing the patient to intervene to try to not pay more than is appropriate (a difficult task–see issue #1)
  4. Onerous collections procedures (at my former company, we used more care and respect in trying to collect a $10 phone bill than many caregivers and hospitals use in trying to collect bills amounting to hundreds or thousands of dollars–bills which are usually in dispute)
  5. 200-300% price differences between insurer-negotiated prices and those consumers must pay for the same product or service

In the Journal article, there is a happy ending–sort of.

Earlier this week, Mrs. Dawson was contacted by a CPMC official with surprising news. The hospital said Mr. Dawson had qualified for financial assistance under its charity-care policy and wrote off his entire bill. Asked why the Dawsons hadn’t been told they could qualify for charity care before a reporter contacted the hospital, CPMC said Mrs. Dawson never gave it the opportunity to explain its policy to her.

Of course, blame the customer. That is an old strategy which my wife and I have encountered often in working with the health-care system.

So while I can’t argue with Prof. Mankiw’s math, his figures reflect broad averages which bleach out the real pain and injustice suffered by many. (Prof. Mankiw has been fortunate enough to have two of the world’s great health-insurance providers–the Federal Government and Harvard University–as employers.) And, I would wager, given that companies are pulling back more and more on their health-insurance benefits, more people are becoming responsible for management of their own health care–meaning an increasing number of people will get to experience that pain and injustice, unless the system gets some real reform. (Politicians, please read the Porter/Teisberg paper!)

The averages say the situation is fine. The stories paint a very different picture.

We expect from the health-care system compassion, fairness, respect and dignity. Often, in the doctor’s office or the hospital, we get them. Once the subject shifts to money and payment, however, they vanish into the air like smoke.

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Worst Practices In Product Management

Friday, September 21st, 2007

I had a call with Verizon Wireless yesterday afternoon that went something like this:

Me:

“I got a Blackberry recently and I was trying to use it as a wireless modem for my laptop and I’m having trouble.”

Tech Support:

“Let’s try some things.”

…time passes. We try lots of things. Problem persists…

Tech Support:

“I checked and I found out that you need to activate a feature to enable you to use the Blackberry as a modem. The feature costs $15 per month.”

Me:

“What? I am already paying for data access, by the megabyte. Modem support costs $15 more?”

Tech Support:

“Yes, I’m sorry. Would you like to speak to Customer Service?”

…on hold for a while…

Customer Service:

“Yes, sir, that feature is $15 per month.”

me:

“How come that wasn’t clear when I signed up for the Blackberry service? Plus, I’m already paying you $150 a month.”

Customer Service:

“I’m sorry, that’s the only way we sell it… think of it this way: It’s only $0.50 per day.”

me:

“But I only need it occasionally. I can’t justify paying $15 per month for occasional use.”

Customer Service:

“This might solve your problem. You can activate it when you need it, then deactivate it when you’re done. You’d only pay for the days you use in that case.”

me:

“I have to call once to activate, then again to turn it off? Every time I want to use it? Why don’t you have a daily access?”

Customer Service:

“That’s the only way you can do it.”

me:

“I might try that, but it’s unfortunate that you don’t have a plan that helps the occasional user, like me. And I don’t like having to pay $15 or even $0.50 per day for something that should have been included with the data feature I already bought.”

Customer Service:

“I’m sorry. Can I help you with anything else today?”

* * *

So: no resolution. Tech Support and Customer Service were fine, creative, even approaching that state of bending the rules to satisfy a customer. (Installing rigid processes that force this kind of behavior is a worst practice depicted nicely in a recent post by Dave Snowden.)

It’s Product Management I have the problem with. First of all, an additional fee for my laptop to use megabytes I’m already paying for is bad. (It’s done so that people who pay $60 per month to use the Verizon PCMCIA card in their laptop won’t feel that they’re getting ripped off–even though they already do.)

Second of all, not having an occasional-use plan and forcing me, the customer, to do work to synthesize this plan (call to activate, call to deactivate, every time I need the service) is also bad.

Finally, I am a $150 per month wireless customer. (VZW’s ARPU is around $50.) I’m a Verizon VIP. Yet there’s no accomodation built into the product for my kind of customer.

It’s just poor packaging all around. And it needs to be fixed. This is one of the reasons mobile phone customers hate their suppliers.

Aaargh.