Posts Tagged ‘customer relationships’

The tyranny of the dashboard

Wednesday, December 2nd, 2009

722346_speedingI frankly am beginning to feel that I’m shouting into a void here. Companies are spending more time and money equipping the CEO and team with information, while starving the thousands of ground-level employees who, frankly, can have more impact on the company’s success simply through their day-to-day actions.

One ray of hope: an article in the December Harvard Business Review (co-authored by Fred Reichheld, the creator of the Net Promoter Score – a simple metric that somehow captures the complexity of customer perception) entitled, “Closing The Customer Feedback Loop.”

As opposed to the conventional wisdom of gathering masses of data and trying to detect high-level patterns in them, Reichheld and his coauthors talk about getting more granular – gathering information at the customer transaction level, creating small rollups of the data, and sharing them where they can do the most good – with the front-line employees and first-level management who directly impact the customer experience.

I agree with their prescriptions, but it still leaves the problem of what to tell upper management. Is there anything wrong with high-level management dashboards? Well, yes. Something of the danger in this is described in today’s WSJ article on Simpson’s Paradox (”When Combined Data Reveal the Flaw of Averages“). The first example cited: while today’s overall unemployment rate is lower than the 1982 level, unemployment at each educational level is higher. (The overall rate is lower because there are more people at higher educational levels, which have lower unemployment, than there were in 1982.) The article states: “Compared with a similarly educated worker in 1983, ‘the worker today has higher unemployment at every educational level.’”

There’s always something lost in summarization. In the case of Simpson’s Paradox, the result of the loss is a flawed conclusion, or at minimum missing a greater point of the story. Overall unemployment today is lower than 1982, but people today have been hit harder than their 1982 counterparts.

Dashboards distort reality as well. Executives rely on machines crunching millions or billions of numbers to present them an easily readable story of what is happening in their businesses. Yet the farther the statistics are distanced from the on-the-ground reality, the more likely they are to lie.

What can be done? Let’s get back to “Closing the Customer Feedback Loop.” On-the-ground data gathering and interpretation by those close to it makes all the sense in the world. But in communicating with upper management, there needs to be less sharing of numbers, and more sharing of individual stories. You can’t get any more granular than that. You can read a vibrant story in a minute or two. And stories fall into patterns–something more subtle and nuanced than statistics–that help senior management understand what’s going on. And human experiences are more understandable than the simplest dashboard.

There are tools to do help you gather and use stories. Rakontu, an open-source story-sharing platform, is one. Enterprise 2.0 tools such as blogs would also work for this purpose. So what’s stopping us? Or am I still shouting into the void?

(Photo by awegedebe via stock.xchng)

Related posts:
GE uses “net promoter score” – one of my earliest posts!
On Rakontu
Time to listen to front-line employees
How B2B customers talk
“Enterprise 2.0″ review
Technology is great, and so is avoiding the acorns

Vendors Are Talking: Grocer is “not going to let someone steal my customer”

Friday, October 16th, 2009

Language, especially spoken language, is very revealing when it comes to someone’s values. This is why corporate executives are subjected to media training to keep them on message while speaking in public – meaning, of course, to appear to say something while not really saying anything.

Sometimes, however, executives defy their training and say what they’re really feeling. Let’s parse this recent statement from Stater Bros. CEO Jack Brown, from an interview as quoted in the Wall Street Journal. The Journal article concerns grocers who had cultivated a premium image, now feeling forced to cut prices to retain customers who are considering trading down to discount grocers:

We are scraping the bottom on prices. I’m not going to let somebody steal my customer, because when this (recession) is all over, I don’t want to go looking for my customer.

Brown’s words are property words. It’s akin to saying: “I’m not going to let someone steal my bike, because when this is all over, I don’t want to go looking for my bike.” Customer = his property. (You can’t get any less VRM than that.)

I’ve been reading the new book “Collaboration” by Morten Hansen, and he writes that executives who successfully collaborate practice what he calls “T-shaped management”: they manage down (their line responsibilities) and across (collaborative projects across the company). This may seem obvious, but, as pointed out in the 2008 book “Senior Leadership Teams,” senior managers are often promoted because of their ability to deliver results from their groups, not for being good at collaboration.

I’m more interested in interactions between companies and customers than within companies. Yet Hansen’s “T-shaped” concept also applies, I think, to succeeding in being a customer-centric company. An executive must understand the needs of the company (the vertical line of the T), and identify with the needs of customers (the horizontal line). She must balance both.

It probably goes without saying that getting angry for people “stealing” your customers, or the inconvenience of “going looking” for them, is focusing completely on the company and not at all on the customer. It’s I-shaped, not T-shaped, practice. And for a grocer, perhaps the ultimate consumer company, it’s reveals some old-school attitudes that won’t work well in the future.

Related posts:

Why companies need to be more proactive with subscription customers

Wednesday, August 19th, 2009

Yesterday I wrote that companies need to be more proactive with customers–helping them understand what they’ve bought and, particularly in the case of subscription products, helping them reconfirm on a regular basis that their package is appropriate.

This almost never happens. And it’s a time bomb for providers. People’s needs change over time, and the longer they are a customer (a delightful situation for providers), the more likely their needs have evolved while their subscription has stayed the same. Then, if an event occurs where needs and offer collide–say an insurance claim scenario–it’s very likely the customer will be surprised, at a very sensitive and emotional moment.

But isn’t it the customer’s responsibility to make sure what he’s paying for fits the bill? As long as I disclose everything, haven’t I done my job as a supplier? That is a valid way of looking at the issue.

Yet the world has changed. People are busier. Two-worker households are the norm. Customers are buying more exotic products and lack the expertise to check them for fit–especially if it’s something rarely put to use. And customers will blame their supplier if things work out poorly. They will consider canceling their service, and will tell their friends.

Seems like a pretty cut-and-dried situation to me. Take care of your customers by helping them buy subscriptions that fit their needs, or take your chances.

Proactive dialogue and diagnosis – the future of customer care

Tuesday, August 18th, 2009

I have several commercial insurance policies that I renew regularly and pretty much automatically. I do think, from time to time, that I should review those policies with my agent to see if I am properly insured. But I don’t—because I don’t have time, and auditing my insurance coverage is something that takes a back seat to, for example, marketing, client work and collections (never mind family time!).

Customer service used to mean responding promptly to customers’ requests and resolving the issues they brought up quickly and effectively. No more. In today’s time-constrained, overcommitted world, customer service means reaching out to customers, diagnosing their unstated anxieties and proactively putting measures in place to deal with the problems they worry about.

Let me continue with my own example. Say I had an incident that caused me to file a claim, and I learned through that process that I was underinsured in that area, and my insurance, contrary to my expectation, would not cover all the loss. What would that mean for me, my agent and my insurance provider?

For me, it would be costly and perhaps painful. I would likely get pretty angry—with myself, for one, but also with my agent. She has been sending me renewal notices for years and dutifully cashing my checks, but has not sought me out to review my needs and update the policies so I am adequately covered.

And my response, very likely, would be to change agents and insurance carriers.

This is reality in the insurance industry and many industries today. We have become distanced from our customers. We don’t understand them the way we used to. At the same time, customers have more demands on their time, so they need our guidance more than ever.

As a result, our customer relationships are fragile and prone to break with any misstep. What to do?

The first step is to realize that silence is not the basis of a productive, long-term customer relationship. A signed renewal and a check do not signify a satisfied, well-cared-for customer.

Next, seek out opportunities to ask customers what they think—about your service, about the industry, about their futures. This can be done through interviews, when customers call, or scheduled as part of the renewal process. Company blogs and Twitter are another source to gather customer stories. Don’t only ask for good things; seek out the negative thoughts customers have as well. (If you know something is wrong, you have the possibility of fixing it.)

Collect the stories, put a team together and immerse yourselves in them. You’ll see patterns. I guarantee you’ll be surprised by some of the things you find out. A group of customers may be unhappy with one aspect of your service. New business areas may be emerging that require different insurance products. Competitive awareness may be on the rise.

Finally, take action. Use the insight you learned from the stories to make meaningful changes in your business. (Focus on experimentation rather than “grand planning and initiatives.”) Your marketing department will be delighted to talk about these changes, which respond to things customers actually want and need!

Imagine that the following happened: My insurance agent called me and said, “Before we renew, let’s review your policy and make sure you have the right coverage.” We looked through all my policies, and made some adjustments. When the incident happened, I was completely covered, thanks to the review.

Not only did I not cancel my policy, I actually recommended my agent to several friends.

How much is that worth?

Customers are talking: The Hot Line

Wednesday, June 24th, 2009

Have you ever filled in a survey card in a hotel room? I haven’t either. But more times than I could count I have wanted to let a hotel know about something I liked about my stay or wasn’t happy about.

Survey cards don’t capture much meaningful information. During most of my stays, everything is fine; nothing noteworthy. Then again, sometimes, I’m passionate about something, and I want to let the hotel know about it. Survey questions like “Rate the cleanliness of your room 1 2 3 4 5″ are highly unlikely to pinpoint the thing that made me happy or disappointed.

If I do want to relate a situation on a comment card, I need to handwrite it in the space at the bottom. Have you ever seen my handwriting? Sometimes I can’t even read it. And there’s not much room to lay out a whole scenario.

All of the above leaves an impression that the hotel really doesn’t want to know what I think. They are happy with “no comment” or with a card with all 4s and 5s circled. But I don’t believe that. I think that hotels really care about their customers’ feedback and would love an easy-to-use, effective way to gather candid feedback on their services.

I recommend this: set up a hot line.

Imagine a card that says, “We really want to know what you thought of your stay. What delighted you? What outraged you? Call x611 to tell your story. If you do, we’ll give you a $25 meal voucher good for your next stay.” It would take 30 seconds to record a story. And it could be done in the moment, when the customer’s recall was fresh. [Also: ask them for a title for their story.]

The rest is pretty simple. The messages are recorded. There are scads of different recording systems to do that. You can autotranscribe the calls using technologies like SpinVox or Dial2Do. Then you’ll have a real repository of customer stories that will tell you what’s working in your hotel… and what’s not. If you want to know what to do with that repository… well, come to the webinar on July 1.

Related post:
The Eureka Button

[Self-promotion: webinar on "Customer Insight From the Ground Up," next Wednesday at 1pm US eastern time.]

Selling: the unacknowledged ingredient of innovation

Thursday, May 21st, 2009

You never read about selling in books about innovation. But, for B2B products, the first sales of a new product or service are crucial lifelines. Let’s be clear about this: no matter how cool, fast, inventive, or buzzworthy your product is, if you can’t bring paying customers on board, it’s not worth anything to your business–in fact, it’s a drain.

I’ve blogged about this before, but it’s come to the forefront of my thinking yet again. First, because the word that innovation is the key to thriving in a down economy is everywhere (for example, here here and here). Second, because I work with companies developing new products and offerings–and these days they’re not looking for help in strategy, packaging or marketing.

They’re looking for sales.

Think about some of the obstacles to selling a new product:

- no reference customers
- immature (at best) marketing materials
- no operational/support experience
- no customer negotiating experience
- untested value propositions
- the perception of risk
- oh yeah, that down economy thing

So selling new products is not for the faint of heart. What does it take to move these difficult deals across the finish line?

- A sense for customers. Many business customers cannot or will not be the first on board with a new product. Others are willing to jump on board first (and usually value the perks, such as reduced price or enhanced support) that go along with being a pilot customer. Your salesperson must be able to sniff out these good prospects quickly, and move past the late adopters.

- Creativity. A new product won’t fit perfectly into the prospect’s business. The functionality, delivery terms, the pricing, legal terms will need to be adjusted as you engage customers.

- Learning as you go. The process of probing the market with a new product is a rich learning environment. Your old sales models probably won’t work. Your salesperson must parse customer reactions for insight to improve the product and sales approach. The ability to reflect, while in the heat of the pursuit, and adjust course frequently, is essential.

- Patience. Salespeople won’t be able to explain things using proven words, graphics or models. Demos will miss the mark. Customers will be slow to grasp the unique value of your new offering. The great new-product salesperson keeps on an even keel and focuses on what the offering can deliver to the prospect.

- Persistence. The product will take longer to sell than salespeople think it should. They can’t give up.

- Ability to communicate internally. Salespeople are the first proxy for the marketplace. They will receive intimate, detailed feedback from prospects that your marketing and product groups will need to improve the product for this and future sales. It’s not enough to be great with the customer. When I ran a new-business group, I talked to our salesperson every day, and our entire group met weekly to discuss what prospects were saying about our products, competitors and marketplace.

- Problem-solving. The sale isn’t complete when the contract is signed. Referenceability is the goal. And that means shepherding the customer through the implementation process with minimum agony. This is difficult because the support processes are immature, the product is certain to have defects, and the customer doesn’t know how to use it yet. It doesn’t matter. It’s the salesperson’s job to make sure the customer receives the value expected when the product is put in service.

Not an easy job. Not surprisingly, it comes with a high failure rate.

Think about that the next time you grumble that you’re still paying a commission to someone who brought in that first or second sale of your product. Without her, your business would be quite different, wouldn’t it?

Related post:
Principles of New Product B2B Marketing

Photo by jchatoff via Flickr Creative Commons

Customers are talking – opening your company up for customer dialogue

Thursday, March 26th, 2009

I recently recorded a podcast with Sydney Finkelstein of Dartmouth’s Tuck School of Business about his book “Think Again: Why Good Leaders Make Bad Decisions and How to Keep it From Happening to You” (shameless plug: you should listen to the podcast if you haven’t yet. It covers how tricky it is to make sound, reasoned decisions in our complex business world today).

After I posted the interview, I asked Syd what he thought of it. At the end of his response, he threw this in: “I appreciate your asking for feedback – not common.”

And over the past few weeks that sentence has stuck in my mind. It is very difficult for individuals to solicit and act on candid feedback. Companies, made up of individuals, have the same problem. There’s a self-protective impulse that wants to distance ourselves from criticism and harm.

Companies do solicit feedback, all the time. It’s just that, in my view, they rarely do it wanting to get the real story. They use it as PR (”see what good listeners we are”), as a way for customers to vent, or as a way to mine success stories. They don’t really want to know the candid truth, the bad stuff.

Netflix is an exception. They are constantly asking me what I think about their service. For Example:

Dear John,

We are always making improvements to ensure you receive your movies quickly. As part of this process, we ask our members about how we are doing from time to time. Please tell us when you received The Blue Planet: Seas of Life: Ocean World / Frozen Seas, which was shipped to you on Monday, Mar 23, 2009 by clicking on the appropriate link below….

Or this, after we used their streaming video service:

Survey: How Was the Picture and Audio Quality?

Dear John,

You recently watched Pokemon 3: The Movie. To help us ensure a great experience for all members, would you take a moment to tell us about the picture and audio quality?

They’re simple surveys and take only a moment to fill out. I do it religiously, in part because I’m happy they asked. And something, perhaps Netflix’s culture, the tone of the emails, etc., makes me feel that they act on this information. It’s not only for me to vent.

I would encourage Netflix to add one thing to these surveys–a text box, where users could add any feedback they wished. In interviews I’ve done, I’ve found that this question: “Is there anything else you think we should know?” often yields the most surprising and insightful information from customers.

Aside from this, Netflix handles the customer dialogue just about perfectly, in my view. No other company I know of has a similar continual, open, candid line of communication with its customers (if you have good examples, please add them in the comments; I’d love to compile a full list).

Does your company want to engage in a dialogue with its customers?

If so, ask yourself this: do you really want to hear everything? If so, customers are ready to tell you.

Related posts:
Buyers, tell companies why they lost your business
Netflix demolishes own business model
Candid customers won’t give you 100%

[Find a compendium of "Customers Are Talking" posts here.]